morrison



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

R. B. MORRISON BRICK KILN.

No. 337,696. Pate nted Mar. 9, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT B. MORRISON, OF OAKDALE, GEORGIA.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,696, dated March 9,1886.

Application filed November 11, 1885. Serial No. 182,429. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ROBERT E. MoERIsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakdale, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in kilns for burning brick or similar articles, and is designed to produce a means whereby the intensity of the heat may be varied at pleasure without diminishing the volume of the airsupply, to provide a means whereby each eye leading from the furnace to the kiln proper has an independent connection to the said furnace, and thus aiding in the operation of heatregulation in different portions of the kiln, and to provide a construction wherein the several parts are independently supported, and those subjected to the greatest wear or strain made the strongest.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a 1ongitudinal section of the furnace and front wall of the kiln, taken on the line b b of Fig. 2 and 0 c of Fig. 3; Fig. 2, a cross-section on theline a a of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a lateral section taken just above the grate-bars of the furnace; Fig. 4, a detail vertical section on the line d d of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 a detail section of the month end of one of the cold-air flues with the plug in place.

The main or front wall, A, of the kiln is provided with eyes B, three being shown. The side eyes each communicate with a combustion-chamber, G, which in turn opens into the rear of the furnace D, while the central eye is continued till flush with the rear of the said furnace by means of the walls E, which are tied into the wall A to insn re strength and stability. The arches of the combustionchambers 0 rest on the said walls E,which are supported by a suitable foundation. Heretofore the said arches or arch was supported by the roof of the furnace, and hence weakened the structure by the additional weight.

The furnace Dis an independent structure, having a foundation of its own, and not serving to support any portion of the kiln; hence it can be torn down and rebuilt without disturbing the rest of the structure.

As the eyes are independently connected with the furnace, the regulation of the heat in one does not affect that of the other eyes, as is the case where a common combustion-chamber is employed.

Heretofore a method of decreasing the heat passing through any particular eye has been to introduce, by means of a flue or passage, a quantity of sand or ashes into the same. This method has objectionable features, inasmuch as it decreases the volume of air passing through the eye. It tends to increase the volume passing through the other eyes, prevents an after increase through the said eye, and cakes the said eye with the material used, the heat melting it, and thus necessitating the partial destruction of the structure to effect a proper cleaning. I obviate these objectionable features in the following manner: From the exterior of the kiln to a point about under each eye is a flue, F, formed when the kiln is built, and which may have a wooden or metal or other lining, as at G. From the bottom of the eye, and extending downward, is a flue, H, connecting with said flue G, and having across its top a brick, I. The flue H. is protected by a'lining of fire-proof material, and the brick I prevents the entrance therein of any large pieces of coal or coke, such small pieces as could pass the said brick being easily removable through the straight horizontal flue F by a cleaning-tool. The mouth of the flue F is closed normally by a plug, K,fluted or grooved for a portion of its length. \Vhen the heat is of proper intensity, the plugs K entirely close the flues, and when the said heat is too great, the plugs are removed sufficiently to admit the entrance of air through the grooves in said plug. The entrance of cold air into the eyes will reduce the temperature of heated air from the furnace without decreasing its volume, and thereby reducing the draft through the kiln, which reduction is objectionable. The temperature may be further reduced by the entire removal of the plug, while it may at any time be increased by the insertion of said plug, as occasion may require, thus making the regulation of the heat at all times under control. In the middle eye, which is directly in front of the furnace, and hence more liable to receive pieces of coke or coal, I prefer to carry the vertical flue to one side, and cause it to enter the said eye from the side, as at L,

instead of at the bottom thereof, and thus prevent the entrance of the said pieces. The side or combustion chambers are larger than the central chamber, the latter forming a continuation of the central eye, so that they shall tend to receive more of the heated air than the said central one, which is directly in line with the furnace, and thus equalize the heat. The wood or metal lining of the horizontal fines prevents entrance of air therein through cracks in the masonry.

I claim I 1. In a kiln, a central eye leading directly from the furnace to the drying-chamber, and side eyes having combustion-chambers interposed between them and the said furnace, the said side eyes and their combustion-chambers being independent of connection with the central eye, substantially as specified.

2. In a kiln, a series of eyes leading from the heating-furnace to the drying-chamber, the central eye being continued by walls to the furnace, and the side eyes having enlarged combustion chambers with their roofs supported by the walls of the said central eye, substantially as specified.

3. In a kiln, a series of eyes leading from the furnaceto the drying-chamber, and a coldair flue leading from the exterior of the kiln to each eye, substantially as specified.

4. In a kiln, a series of eyes leading from the furnace to the drying-chamber, and a coldair flue leading from the exterior of the kllll to each eye, said fines having a wooden or metal lining fora portion of their length and a fluted or grooved plug at the mouth, sub

stantially as specified.

5. In a kiln, a series of eyes leading from the furnace to the drying-chamber, and a flue leading from the exterior of the kiln to each eye, said fiue having a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, said vertical portion having its upper end provided with a cross-piece, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

oer. 'B. MoRRIsoN.

Witnesses:

CHAS. D. D'AvIs, JOHN C. LEPPELMAN. 

